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ALLAN KIRKLAND SOGA |
Like Pixley ka Isaka Seme and John L. Dube, Allan Kirkland
Soga seems to have been profoundly influenced by the political and philosophical
idea of "The Regeneration of Africa", a historical construct which was
articulated and theorized by leading African American intellectuals in
the late nineteenth century. It was through this philosophical concept
that diasporan intelligentsia invented Pan Africanism as a political instrument
for the liberation of black people living under the oppressive conditions
of modernity. Although this politico-philosophical idea was founded by
Marin Delany ( ), it was Alexander Crummell (
) who formulated and elaborated its conceptual and historical nature. In
an abbreviated form, Crummell's magisterial essay, "The Regeneration of
Africa" (1865), can be summarized around these four principles: African
Americans as missionaries can bring to Africa spiritual enlightenment and
Christian civilization in the struggle against paganism; although trade
and commerce can bring about African progress, they are incapable of bringing
into being the redemption of Africa; and lastly, it is the Africans themselves
who can bring about the regeneration and redemption of Africa. In probably
the first biographical sketch of Allan Kirkland Soga ever written, it pronounces
the importance of the idea of "The Regeneration of Africa" in his political
thinking: "Mr. Soga recognizes in the Negro what he takes to be a great
coming factor in the regeneration of Africa, and as an Afro-Anglican would
like to hasten a Conference of black men from the four worlds, to discuss
the black man's future if the Negro can sink his differences sufficiently
to combine forces towards that desirable end" (Sarah A. Allen, "Mr. Alan
Kirkland Soga", The Colored American Magazine, February 1904). Not
only Soga wrote a manuscript entitled The Problem of the Social and
Political Regeneration of Africa (which was lost just before publication
in United States in 1903), many of his essays whether appearing in the
The Colored American Magazine or in Izwi Labantu were informed
by this idea. Soga considered newspaper as the principal forums for the
propagating the idea of the regeneration of Africa. His founding of Izwi
Labantu newspaper in 1897, with Walter Rubusana and Umhalla, was towards
the realization of this objective. From 1898, he became the principal editor
of the newspaper. Also his founding in 1902 of the South African Native
Press Association with F. Z. S. Peregrino (the Ghanian founder and editor
of South African Spectator in Cape Town), was part of this historical
project. It was in his column entitled "The Cult of Race Leadership", which
run in Umteteli wa Bantu between April 14, 1923 to May 16, 1925
that Soga amplified this idea. In this two-year programmatic forum, he
attempted to forge a synthesis of the ideological perspectives of New Negroism
and New Africanism. Given that it was in the columns of this same great
newspaper in the 1920s that Solomon T. Plaatje, R. V. Selope Thema, H.
Selby Msimang, H. I. E. Dhlomo were attempting to construct New African
modernity and modernism in emulation of New Negro modernity and modernism,
we can clearly see the imprint of Allan Kirkland Soga on his younger colleagues.
It would seem that R. V. Selope Thema was the most conscious inheritor
of this remarkable legacy. Although Allan Kirkland Soga is today forgotten,
like some of the leading New African intellectuals, it is through his imprint
on Selope Thema that he will be re-discovered in the near future.
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