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B. M. KHAKELA |
Arguably Bennett Makalo Khaketla was/is the second major
figure in Southern Sotho literature after Thomas Mofolo. Both of them were
New Africans from Republic of Lesotho, located in the middle of South Africa.
He had a remarkable forte in all the three major generic forms. Khaketla
has published two novels: Meokho ea thabo (1945, Tears of Joy)
and Mosali a nkhola (A Woman Betrayed Me); plays: Moshoeshoe
le baruti (1947, Moshoeshoe and the Missionaries), Tholoana
tsa sethepu (1954, Results of Polygamy) and Bulane (1958);
and poems: Lipshamanthe (1954, Astonishments). Although these
creative works are a considerable literary achievement and legacy for African
people, Bennett Makalo Khaketla is probably more popularly renowned today
for having been an editor of a major Lesotho newspaper Mohlabani (Warrior)
in the 1950s. It was owned by the Maloti Information Bureau. Browsing through
his editorials of the 1950s, they evidence Khaketla's remarkable grasp
of international politics as wqell as the complex interrelation between
culture and politics. For instance celebrating the independence of Ghana
in 1957, and commending Kwame Nkrumah for his political leadership, gives
him an opportunity to comment on the complex nature of European colonial
intervention in Africa and the intractable nature of the then incepient
African political modernity: "We do not, in the least, belittle what the
English have done to uplift the people of Ghana. What happens to be our
object of hatred is their practice, for which they have become notorious
among the colonial peoples, of always digging in their roots whereever
they set foot. They are never satisfied with doing what they set out to
do, and having accomplished it leave the people of the particular country
to their own devices. So it happened in Ghana as it has happened
in many another country. The English leech stuck its hooks into the black
bowels of a black country inhabited by a black folk. . . The victory of
Nkrumah and Ghana is a victory for the whole of Black Africa, and for that
reason we wish him double success in everything he undertakes, for his
failures will be the failures of Black Africa, and his success will be
the success of Black Africa" ("The Editor Speaks", Mohlabani, Motseanong/May,
1957). This reflection is really about the relationship between modernity
and the political philosophy of Pan-Africanism, for Khaketla observes that
Richard Wright's Black Power is an astute representation of the
new things happening in Ghana. In the same issue of the newspaper he published
the full text of the Freedom Charter which had been promulgated
by the Congress of the People two years earlier in Kliptown. In another
instance, the Crisis of the Congo, affords him an opportunity to make insightful
observations about the role of African intellectuals in the African Revolution:
"And why are Africans discouraged from going overseas for higher education?
Because the Belgians know history. The French Revolution, to quote one
example, was the result of the activities of intellectuals. Had France
had no intellectuals there would have been no French Revolution. In the
same way the Belgians realised that so long as they had no intellectuals
among the Congolese, so long would they control the reins of government
without fear. But they seem to have failed to reckon with one thing: that
ideas---particularly political ideas in this age of sputniks---have wings;
that Africa is today like a chain of mechanical contraptions which are
set in motion from Cape to Cairo and from Morocco to Malagasy at the mere
touch of one button" ("Lesson Of The Congo", Mohlabani, Mphalane/October,
1960). It is necessary to note that the lessons drawn by Khaketla from
the Congo Crisis are similar and parallel to those postulated by Frantz
Fanon ("Lumumba's Death: Could We Do Otherwise?" [1960] in Toward the
African Revolution). Bennett Makalo Khaketla's reflections on the political
evolution of Lesotho (then Basutoland) qre extraordinary. His writings
on politics and culture belong to the central lineage and heritage of the
New African Movement: what Walter Rubusana and Allan Kirkland Soga achieved
in the 1890s in Izwi Labantu, Solomon T. Plaatje Tsala ea Batho
in the 1910s, R. V. Selope Thema in Umteteli wa Bantu in the 1920s,
Josiah Mapumulo in Ilanga lase Natal in the 1930s, H. I. E. Dhlomo
in the 1940s in Ilanga lase Natal in the 1940s, was continued by
B. M. Khaketla in Mohlabani in the 1950s. In this sense, Khaketla
was preoccupied with what had profoundly concerned Jordan Ngubane in the
1940s in Inkundla ya Bantu: a major construction of African Nationalism.
The realism of his literary works is a projection of this preoccupation.
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