| Scholarly Literature |
|---|
Elisa Kim ∙ Jennifer Nakamoto ∙ Jeffrey Chow ∙ Sophia Cheng
>> Grace Kao. "Asian Americans as Model Minorities? A Look at Their Academic Performance." American Journal of Education, Vol. 103, No. 2. (Feb., 1995), pp. 121-159.
Location: article database off of the Claremont Library website in Jstor.
++ A critique on Tuan’s article on the general observations made on the third generation and beyond Asian American sentiment. Kao praises Tuan’s clear distinction between ethnic pride and actual cultural practice, which is almost negligent, and emphasis on the tension between third generation Asian American and recent Asian immigrants. Critiques the lack of emphasis on the distinction between the sentiments of those native-born and those foreign-born. Suggests further exploration on the effects of generational status on ethnic identity and the issue of class.
Status: in possession
>> “Resilience Against Discrimination: Ethnic Identity and Other-Group Orientation as Protective Factors for Korean Americans” by Richard M. Lee.
Location: article database off of the Claremont Library website in PsycINFO.
http://libraries.claremont.edu/research/databases/dbredirect/PsycINFO.html
++ A summary on the study of eighty-four Korean Americans enrolled in the University of Texas specifically pertaining to the examination of the influencing aspects on Korean American response to racial discrimination. Influencing aspects included “measure of ethnic identity, other-group orientation, perceived discrimination, depressive symptoms, self-esteem, and social connectedness.” In short, results revealed ethnic pride moderates perceived discrimination, depression, and social connectedness, but has negligent influence on self-esteem. Yet it is ethnic pride and professed discrimination that has a first-order effects on one’s self-esteem.
Status: in possession
>> Research Report “ Asian American College Students as Model Minorities: An Examination of Their Overall Competence” Yu-Wen Ying, Peter Allen Lee, Jeanne L. Tsai, Yuan Hung, Melissa Lin, and Ching Tin Wan.
Location: electronic journal off of the Claremont Library website in Ovid.
++ A study down on Asian Americans in the University of California, Berkeley. Particularly concerned with debunking the “model minority myth” by redefining success and overall competence. Conducted several tests that measured cross-racial relations, general background information, sense of coherence, and GPA, all of which give a general measurement of an individual’s overall competence and success. Results revealed that a higher GPA has very little or negligent effect on one’s overall competence and overall success debunking the general conception that supreme academic achievement reflects the success of Asian American minorities in this country.
Status: in possession
>> Tan, David L. (1994). "Uniqueness of the Asian-American Experience in Higher Education." College Student Journal, 28 (4): 412-421.
Location: website off of Claremont Library homepage.
++ Defining model minority as Asian Americans, as a broad category, have been stereotyped as industrious, intelligent, and assimilated minority-status individuals and College students, more specifically, are labeled as “overachievers.” Objective of study is to attempt to determine if Asian Americans differ from whites and other minorities in terms of academic success, graduation rate, and decision to pursue terminal degrees. The author utilized a comparison of Asian Americans to African Americans. Both maintain minority status within the United States. African Americans not categorized as “model minority,” but remain an ethnic minority within college context. In conclusion, African Americans served as control group, both minorities experienced similar incidences of exclusion, prejudice, and discrimination, and Asians felt the discrimination more a prominent part of college experience than pressure of maintaining “model minority” status, Asian Americans found “model minority” label as more of a burden to academic studies—not added incentive to succeed.
Status: in possession
>> Article “Asian Americans As Model Minorities? A Look at Their Academic Performance” written by Prof. Grace Kao
++ Defines “model minority myth.” Proceeds with a summary concerning current research on Asian success. Explores ethnicity and academic performance linking it to the available resources for Asian American students. Forms a hypotheses for success by incorporating cultural variables.
Status: in possession
>> Reid Landon D and Phanikiran Radhakrishnan. "Race matters: The relation between race and general campus climate." Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology. 2003 Aug Vol 9(3) 263-275.
The two books, Working with Asian American College Students by Marylu k Mcewen and The Asian American Educational Experience by Nakanishi and Nishida, were found in the Honnold/Mudd Library on February 28, 2005.
>> Zhou, Min. “Segmented Assimilation: Issues, Controversies, and Recent Research on the New Second Generation.” International Migration Review. Vol. 31, No. 4. Winter 1997
Location: http://www.jstor.org/view/01979183/di009796/00p03127/0
++ This article summarizes major theories of assimilation, including classical, multicultural, and structuralist. It focuses on segmented assimilation, a theory that addresses mostly post-1965 immigrants and posits three main routes of assimilation, recognizing that immigrants face diverse situations upon entering the U.S., depending on “racial stratification, economic opportunities and spatial segregation, and factors intrinsic to the group, such as financial and human capital upon arrival, family structure, community organization, and cultural patterns of social relations.”
>> Portes, Alejandro and Zhou, Min. "The New Second Generation : Segmented Assimilation and Its Variants.” Annals of the American Academiy of Political and Social Science. Vol. 530
Location: http://www.jstor.org/view/00027162/ap030684/03a00060/0
++ This article introduces segmented assimilation, explains the reason for its formulation, and provides three case studies.
>> Alba, Richard and Nee, Victor. “Rethinking Assimilation Theory for a New Era of Immigration.”
Location: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=01979183%28199724%2931%3A4%3C826%3ARATFAN%3E2.0.CO%3B2-W
++ This article defends and analyzes classical assimilation and argues that post-1965 conditions for immigrants have not been proven so different from pre-1965 conditions that a new theory of assimilation is required.
>> Nuñez, Anne-Marie. “Using Segmented Assimilation Theory to Enhance Conceptualization of College Participation.” interactions: UCLA Journal of Education and Information Studies. Vol.1, Issue 1. 2004.
Location: http://repositories.cdlib.org/gseis/interactions/vol1/iss1/art4/
++ This article applies segmented assimilation theory to student retention in higher education, especially retention of minority students. Traditionally, student retention in higher education is analyzed using integration theory, which might be compared to classical assimilation theory for immigration.
>> Gim Chung, Ruth. “Gender, Ethnicity and Acculturation in Intergenerational Conflict of Asian American College Students.” Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology. Vol. 7, No. 4. November 2001.
Location: in possession and online
++ This is a summary of a survey about intergenerational conflict among Asian American college students, taking into account gender, ethnicity and acculturation level. Women reported overall greater conflict than men. Another conclusion of the study is that generally, the higher the level of acculturation, the less intergenerational conflict there is. The study also warns against making extrapolating the study to all Asian Americans of college-age.